Sydney Opera House
学习要点
I.Grammar: The attributive clause
由that引导的定语从句用法
1.概念
用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词(或代词)之后,这种名词(或代词)叫做先行词。引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词(who,whom, whose,that,which等)在定语从句中可用作主语、定语、宾语等;关系副词(when,where,why等)在定语从句中只用作状语。
限制性定从基本形式: 主句( noun/pronoun )+ 关系代词/关系副词+ 定从
先行词 (人/物)
I’ve read all the books (that) you lent me.
Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday?
结构比较
1.人(n.)+ that/who +从句
比较:一位漂亮的女孩
a beautiful girl 形容词做定语
a girl that/who is beautiful 从句做定语 (girl是先行词)
2. 物(n.)+ that + 从句
比较:一本有趣的书
an interesting book形容词做定语
a book that is very interesting从句做定语(book是先行词)
成分比较
that在从句中可担任: 1.主语 2. 宾语
1. He is the man . I met the man yesterday.
He is the man that I met yesterday.
that在从句中用作宾语。
2. I like music. I can dance to music.
I like music that I can dance to.
that在从句中用作宾语。
3. I prefer a sandwich.
A sandwich is really delicious.
I prefer a sandwich that is really delicious.
that在从句中用作主语。
注意:that 在定语从句中做主语时不能省略,做宾语时可以省略。
由that 引导的定语从句:
一般情况下,that可指人或物,可以代替who, whom 和which,在从句中作主语或位于动词的宾语, 但不能作介词的宾语。
Eg: The man that ( who) is speaking at the meeting is our headteacher.
The letter that (which) I received yesterday was from my father
定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致.
I prefer movies that are scary.
I like a sandwich that is really delicious.
I love the singer that is beautiful.
I have a friend that plays sports.
吉姆为我找到了我昨天丢了的那把钥匙。
Jim found the key. I lost the key yesterday.
Jim found the key that I lost yesterday.
这就是那位救了那个男孩命的大夫。
This is the doctor. He saved the boy’s life.
This is the doctor that saved the boy’s life.
昨天我收到我父母寄来的信。
I received the letter yesterday. The letter was from my parents.
I received the letter that was from my parents yesterday.
The letter that I received yesterday was from my parents
怀特夫人照看的那个小孩病了。
The child is ill. Mrs White takes care of the child.
The child that Mrs White takes care of is ill.
最佳选择
( )1. I like the music ____ I can dance to.
A. whose B. how C. that
( ) 2. I’m looking at the photo ___ you sent
me with a letter.
A. who B. whom C. that D. it
( ) 3. This is the best film ____ has been
shown this year.
A. that B. which C. who D. when
( )4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?
A. that you bought B. you bought it
C. that you bought it D. which you bought it
( )5.6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that B. it C. which who
(Keys: CCAAA)
. 用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空
1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.
2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.
3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.
4. The house _____we live in is very old.
5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?
(Keys: 1. that 2. which / that 3. who / that 4. that / which 5. who/ whom/ that)
II.情感态度价值观的培养
.......................
(continued)
III.重点短语
1. have a look at 看……一眼
2. be similar to 同…..相似 =
be the same as 与……相同
3. give +Sb. a hand =ask +Sb a favour 帮助某人
would like a hand to do 想要帮忙某事.
4.write(a letter) to sb. 写信给某人
5. in the centre/middle of 在……的中心
6. by the way 顺便问一下,顺便说
7. on one’s way to… 在某人去……的路上
on one’sway back from… 7
在某人从……回来的路上
on one’s way home ...
在...回家的路上
8. at the moment 在那时,此刻
9. on the first day 在第一天
10. at different times of the day
在一天的不同时间
11. arrive at/in \get to \reach 到达
12. keep (on) = go on doing sth. 坚持做某事,连续不断做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人连续不断做某事
13. any other country 任何一个其他国家
14. get back 回来,取回
15. as soon as 一……就
16. at once 立刻
( continued)
V.重点句子
1.I’m looking for the photos that you took in Australia.
2. Can I borrow the camera again?
3. It’s a great place to visit and to spend some time in..
............
VI.课文译文
Unit 1 I’m looking for the photos that you took in Australia
( Mr Yin )
The rock(Uluru)
托尼的爸爸:喂,托尼。你在做什么?
托尼:我在找你在澳大利亚拍的照片。
托尼的爸爸:好的,需要我帮助你找它们,吗?
托尼:好极了!谢谢。我们正在做一个关于我们想去游览的国家的方案,并且我打算写一写澳大利亚。我得想象一下我去过那里。而且我正在给您和妈妈写一封信。
托尼爸爸:好的,看看这些。
托尼:让我看一看。嘿!那是什么?
托尼的爸爸:它叫乌奴奴。是位于澳大利亚中心的一块巨大岩石。它真神奇。
托尼:还有这座建筑物呢?
托尼的爸爸:那是悉尼歌剧院。它就像一艘三面环水的巨大航船。还有,这是一张我在大堡礁上看到的鲨鱼的照片。我们确实很幸运,因为鲨鱼通常怕生。
托尼:哇!太令人惊奇了!你看见袋鼠和鳄鱼了吗?
托尼的爸爸:在我们从乌奴奴回来的路上,有袋鼠在汽车旁边跳来跳去。但是没有看见鳄鱼。
托尼:它们都是精彩的照片。顺便问一下,我可以再借用一下相机吗?
托尼的爸爸:为什么?
托尼:噢,有一个摄影比赛,我想赢!我想在下星期在我们学校的
会上拍些照片。
托尼的爸爸:我打赌你能赢!好吧,你可以借,但是仅限于你做完有关澳大利亚的方案这一次。
Unit 2 The camel that I rode had a bad temper
亲爱的爸爸妈妈:
我现在正在从澳大利亚的中心给你们写这封信。此时我们正待在乌奴奴附近——那是艾尔斯岩石的土著名字。在第一天,我们乘直升机在岩石的上空游览,而且我惊讶与它的巨大:3.6千米长,348米高。岩石的颜色很奇异,在一天中的不同时刻,它们由紫色到红色(不断地)进行变化。土著人是从远古时代就住在澳大利亚的人并且古代的土著故事描述了创造世界的灵魂。乌奴奴是土著文化的一个中心。
澳大利亚人有许多英国亲戚,并且他们在许多方面和我们相象。他们的家庭生活和我们的类似,而且他们喜爱同样的食品并且有着相同的爱好。大部分澳大利亚人喜欢的事物和饮料是葡萄、羔羊肉、火腿,而且尤其喜欢在他们国家南部酿造的葡萄酒。他们喜爱所有的体育运动,但是他们最喜欢的运动是足球、板球和橄榄球。因为大部分澳大利亚人住在海岸附近,他们喜爱去海滩、游泳和冲浪。
尽管(现在)十二月,但是在这里确实夏季。阳光很明媚,并且海岸线附近的农村绿意盎然。田野里和山上有许多绵羊,但是内陆更像沙漠,充满了岩石和沙子。
大多数澳大利亚人讲
英语,尽管他们有一些像“愉快的一天!”和“别担心,老兄。”这样特殊的措辞。他们意思是“你好!”和“别担心,那不成我问题。”
第二天在我们到达乌奴奴后,我们继续骑骆驼。我骑的那头骆驼脾气很坏,我很累。其他的每个人都觉得我的骆驼坚持躺下很有趣……
最后,今天晚上稍晚些时候,我们将坐飞机回到悉尼并且将要回家,这是一次奇异的旅行!
爱你们的 托尼
(By Mr Yin )
(根据教材和相关资料整理 Mr Yin Nov 29, 2008)